Poster Presentation MedVetPATHOGENS 2018

Antibacterial Potentials of Cashew (Anacardium Occidentale ) Leaves On Bacterial Isolates From Poultry Birds. (#106)

Samuel Mr Aziegbemhin 1 , Queen Miss Ogie
  1. University of Benin, Nigeria., Benin City, EDO, Nigeria

Despite availability of antibacterial agents, mortality due to bacterial infections in poultry still result in significant economic loses. This is as a result of multidrug resistant bacterial isolates in poultry farms. The aim of this work therefore was to determine the antimicrobial potentials of cashew leaves (A. occidentale ) on bacterial isolates recovered from poultry birds. The leaves of A. occidentale (cashew) were collected from Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Benin, sundried and blended followed by extraction with ethanol and water. Poultry dropping were collected from some farms close to the University and immediately transported to the laboratory for bacteriological analysis. Total heterotrophic bacterial counts ranged from 2.8 x 105 ± 0.47 - 3.5 x 105 ± 0.65 cfu/ml. Cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics of bacterial isolates revealed presence of Streptococcus pnuemoniae, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Shigella dysentarae and Salmonella enterica. Ethanol and aqueous leaf extracts of A. occidentale at 100 and 75mg/ml concentrations showed clear zones of inhibition against all the bacterial isolates while no zone of inhibition was observed at 12.5 mg/ml. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of ethanol and aqueous extracts ranged from 50 - 75mg/ml while the minimum bactericidal concentration ranged from 75 - 100mg/ml. The synergistic effects of leaf extracts of A. occidentale and pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis) leaves showed highest zone of inhibition against all the bacterial isolates at 100 and 75mg/ml respectively. Ciprofloxacin showed the highest antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pnuemoniae while erythromycin had the least antibacterial activity of 10mm against Streptococcus pnuemoniae. E. coli had the highest percentage susceptibility of 33.3%. This study shows that cashew (A. occidentale ) leaves could be valuable in combating veterinary pathogens especially in resource limiting settings. Toxicity study is advocated to validate and advance the use of A. occidentale as a medicinal agent in poultry.